李喬文學作品中的客家文化研究

研究生: 黃琦君

學位類別: 碩士

校院名稱: 國立新竹師範學院

學年度: 91

[摘要]

戰後第二代作家李喬所作《寒夜三部曲》,為台灣文學史上繼鍾肇政《台灣人三部曲》後的大河小說,小說中以台灣歷史為主軸,喚起了許多台灣人的歷史意識。李喬早期文學作品自苗栗大湖番仔林為生命基(起)點,呈現客家文化風格。

本論文第二章自李喬生活經歷探討起,對其文學作品的風格與特色做一巡禮。八0年代的李喬轉為文化論述寫作,致力於文化的批評與活動,以實際的參予及積極的建議進行對台灣文化的改造活動,第三章即以李喬的文化觀透視其文化理念,並對其台灣文化、客家文化的見解作一概要介紹。

其次以各章節逐一研究李喬文學作品中的客家文化,以《寒夜三部曲》為主,短篇小說中具客家文化的文學內容為輔,涵蓋物質文化、行為文化、精神文化以及語言文化四個文化面向,論述客家生活與禮俗、客家歷史、客家女性以及客家語彙。

在客家歷史研究中,李喬對於與客家農民息息相關的墾戶制度、與原住民之間的恩怨情仇,以及被歷史遺忘的農民組合,描述詳盡,這也是客家歷史中甚少被提及與重視的。李喬藉由《寒夜三部曲》的故事人物,使讀者重回歷史現場,感受台灣客家歷史的悲情。李喬所描述的客家女性中,則以《寒夜三部曲》裡的燈妹最具代表。在其傳統女性圖像中,客家女性以堅忍見長,李喬並從側面對女性的情感面向做一深刻描述。其他,如對知識女性的描摹,亦展現女性自主的一面。

族群的語彙代表了該族群的內涵,與族群的生活環境亦不可分。李喬文學作品以山歌、俗諺以及詞彙、地名,自然的保存了客家文化中特有的文物與風俗習慣。李喬文學作品多以客家莊的故事背景,完整的呈現早期客家農村生活景象,第七章探討客家社會的農耕生活、客家家庭的情感表現以及客家禮俗與民間信仰。最後第八章以李喬文學作品中的客家傳統與創新做描述,對李喬文學作品中的客家文化做一總結。

Cold Night Trilogywritten by post-war second generation writer- Lee Chiao is a big river novel following Zhong Zhau-ZhengTaiwanese Trilogyin Taiwan literature history, focuses on the Taiwan history and arouses the history consciousness of many Taiwanese.

Lee Chiao’s earlier literatures began with Fan-tzu-lin which at Da-Fu in Miaoli and present the Hakka cultural style.

Chapter 2 discusses Lee Chiao’s living experience, the style and features of its literature work. In 1980s, Lee Chiao turned to be a culture description writer and was engaged in criticism and activities of culture. Lee participated in the reform of Taiwam culture aggressively. Chapter 3 exams Lee’s culture philosophy and introduces his view on Taiwan culture and Hakka culture.

The following chapters research the Hakka culture of Lee’s literature and discuss Hakka’s life style, customs, history female and glossaries from four respects material culture, behavior culture, spirit culture and language culture. In Hakka history research, Lee described clearly about the land system with Hakka farmers, conflict with the aborigine and farmer grouping which were rarely mentioned and emphasized in Hakka history. By the characters inCold Night Trilogy , Lee led readers back to the history and feel the sadness of Hakka history. The representative of Hakka female is sister Dong. The Hakka female are good at perseverance in his memory. Lee also did a deep description of female’s emotion and independence.

The glossary of the ethnicity represented the content of that ethnicity. It can't be divided from the living environment. Lee’s literature conserves the unique feature of Hakka culture customs. Chapter 7 study Hakka’s agriculture life, emotion in Hakka family, customs and religious belief. Chapter 8 describes Hakka’s tradition and innovation in Lee’s literature and makes a conclusion of Hakka culture in his literature.

 

 

 

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