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研究生:
柯佩怡
校院名稱:
國立臺北藝術大學
學位類別:
碩士
學年度: 91
[摘要]
台灣南部美濃地區客家「三獻禮」之「儀式」與「音樂」「三獻禮」為中國歷代以來的祭祀禮法，雖然現今封建制度已經瓦解，然而這套古禮卻被完整地保留下來，除了可見之於定期性的官方祭孔大典外，在台灣南部客家聚落裡，客家族群將其大量地運用於生命禮俗、歲時祭儀以及臨時祭儀中。但在轉為民間祭祀禮法的同時，儀節的進行雖然大體上延續了古禮的進行方式，但祭儀音樂的部分卻被族群所特有的「客家八音」及「客家禮儀吟誦樂」所替代。
本論文所探討的範圍及對象為台灣南部高雄縣境內美濃、旗山以及六龜等地區之客家族群，以「三獻禮」為主軸，作者首先由歷代史書及禮書的記錄整理出三獻禮的由來及發展，並藉由實地的田野記錄以及參與觀察的方式，從「人」、「儀式」、「音樂」、「空間」及「物體」等元素，逐一作平行式的探討，再進而分析各元素間的相互關係，藉以了解南部客家「三獻禮」的運作模式。
除此之外，在論文的最後一章裡，作者試圖以社會學的觀點，探討「三獻禮」在這些地區客家聚落中的意義及功能，從儀式進行時的社會、經濟、文化網絡以及族群價值觀的表現，我們可以看到這些地區所呈現出獨特的客家祭祀文化。
The
Ceremony and Music Research of the “Three-Consecrations” of Hakka
Maynoon, South of Taiwan “Three-Consecrations”
has been the Chinese religious ceremony for centuries, even through
the feudal system doesn’t exist anymore nowadays, this ancient
ceremony has been conserved entirely. There are not only official
convocations, which are hold periodically, but also some
life-ceremony, yearly and temporary agenda among Hakka ethnos in South
of Taiwan. However, while it transformed to civil religious ceremony,
the procedure remains the ancient ways in general, but the music has
been replaced partially by “Hakka Instrumental Ensemble” and “Hakka
Ceremonial Cantillate”, which are belonged to certain Hakka ethic
groups.
This
investigation focused on Hakka ethnos, which are located in Maynoon,
Chi-Shan, Liu-Kuei and other Hakka strongholds in Kaohsiung County,
South of Taiwan. The study took “Three-Consecrations” as a priority,
the author collected and arranged the filiations and developments of
Three-Consecrations firstly from historiographies and ordinals of each
dynasty, and further discuss from elements like “people”, “agenda”,
“music”, “space” and “ object”, through field study and autopsy, to
argue in parallel one after one, and to analyze the relationship
between each element, in order to understand the performing pattern of
“Three-Consecrations” by Hakka in South of Taiwan.
Furthermore, in the last chapter of this investigation, the author
tried to discuss the meaning and function of “Three-Consecrations” in
these Hakka strongholds from demotics point of view. With social,
economical, cultural and group-figurative aspects, we could found the
unique Hakka religious culture in these areas.
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